NUTRARET: Effect of 2-Year Nutraceutical Supplementation on Redox Status and Visual Function of Patients With Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2-year nutritional intervention with antioxidant nutraceuticals on the visual function of RP patients. Secondly, we assessed how nutritional intervention affected ocular and systemic redox status. We carried out a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Thirty-one patients with RP participated in the study. RP patients randomly received either a mixture of nutraceuticals (NUT) containing folic acid, vitamin B6, vitamin A, zinc, copper, selenium, lutein, and zeaxanthin or placebo daily for 2 years. At baseline and after 2-year of the nutritional supplementation, visual function, dietetic-nutritional evaluations, serum concentration of nutraceuticals, plasma and aqueous humor concentration of several markers of redox status and inflammation were assessed. Retinal function and structure were assessed by multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG), spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and automated visual field (VF) tests. Nutritional status was estimated with validated questionnaires. Total antioxidant capacity, extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, protein carbonyl adducts (CAR) content, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation (as indicator of lipid peroxidation), metabolites of the nitric oxide (NOX) and cytokine (interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha) concentrations were assessed by biochemical and immunological techniques in aqueous humor or/and blood. Bayesian approach was performed to determine the probability of an effect. Region of practical equivalence (ROPE) was used. At baseline, Bayesian analysis revealed a high probability of an altered ocular redox status and to a lesser extent systemic redox status in RP patients compared to controls. Twenty-five patients (10 in the treated arm and 15 in the placebo arm) completed the nutritional intervention. After 2 years of supplementation, patients who received NUT presented better retinal responses (mfERG responses) compared to patients who received placebo. Besides, patients who received NUT showed better ocular antioxidant response (SOD3 activity) and lower oxidative damage (CAR) than those who received placebo. This study suggested that long-term NUT supplementation could slow down visual impairment and ameliorate ocular oxidative stress.

Analysis of chemical contamination by hazardous drugs with BD HD Check® system in a tertiary hospital.

The presence of contamination in the healthcare work environment by one of the types of hazardous drugs, cytostatics, has been found in multiple international studies. Recent studies and guidelines recommend surface monitoring for risk assessment of healthcare professionals' exposure. The availability of detection techniques is critical to successfully carry out this type of monitoring. The use of new semi-quantitative techniques allows quicker results. The main objective of this study was to determine the existence of hazardous drugs on the working surfaces in different locations of a tertiary hospital using the BD HD Check® semi-quantitative device. The presence of methotrexate, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide was analysed at 80, 89 and 82 locations in 10, 13 and 11 clinical units, respectively. A total of 251 samples were analysed. The monitoring results were positive for 13.1% of the analysed samples, with 36.3% of the methotrexate samples, 0% of the doxorubicin samples and 4.9% of the cyclophosphamide samples. Mapping the presence of HD in our hospital has allowed us to evaluate the effectiveness of controls established in the hospital to minimise the exposure of healthcare professionals to hazardous drugs. The speed in obtaining results has enabled immediate corrective actions in cases where contaminated surfaces were detected.

La importancia de las palabras: ¿medicamentos peligrosos o medicamentos biopeligrosos? Propuesta de un nuevo término / The relevance of words: dangerous drugs or hazardous drugs? A proposal of a new term

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Hazardous drugs: new challenges, new opportunities / Medicamentos biopeligrosos: nuevos retos, nuevas oportunidades

Occupational exposure to hazardous drugs can cause harmful effects on health professionals and several protective measures must be taken. Nevertheless, classification of hazardous drugs is not the same in all the published repertoires and the terminology is still confusing: hazardous drugs, biohazardous drugs or risky drugs are terms improperly described and can define very different drugs with a very different hazard profiles. In Spain, there is not an updated official list of hazardous drugs, and healthcare professionals must consider and follow other published lists. In our opinion, it is mandatory to do a consensus among these professionals, administration and labor union organizations in order to clarify some conflictive questions not only in healthcare settings but in investigational and academic scenarios too. These multidisciplinary groups should be involved also in teaching new and non-experienced personnel and in the knowledge reinforcement for the experienced ones (AU)

La exposición laboral a medicamentos biopeligrosos puede causar daños a la salud en los profesionales sanitarios expuestos, por lo que deben tomarse medidas protectoras. Sin embargo, la clasificación de estos medicamentos no es la misma en todos los repertorios y listas publicados, y la terminología sigue siendo confusa: medicamentos peligrosos, medicamentos biopeligrosos o medicamentos de riesgo son términos que no definen bien el concepto que se quiere transmitir, y agrupan sustancias muy diferentes, con perfiles de riesgo también muy diferentes. En España no hay una lista oficial actualizada de medicamentos biopeligrosos, y los profesionales de la salud deben considerar y seguir otras listas publicadas. En nuestra opinión, sería necesario establecer un consenso entre profesionales, Administración y organizaciones sindicales para clarificar y definir las distintas cuestiones planteadas, no solo en el medio sanitario, sino también en otros escenarios (investigación, estructuras docentes), incluyendo la formación e información de todo el personal implicado (AU)

Hazardous drugs: new challenges, new opportunities.

Occupational exposure to hazardous drugs can cause harmful effects on health professionals and several protective measures must be taken. Nevertheless, classification of hazardous drugs is not the same in all the published repertoires and the terminology is still confusing: hazardous drugs, biohazardous drugs or risky drugs are terms improperly described and can define very different drugs with a very different hazard profiles. In Spain, there is not an updated official list of hazardous drugs, and healthcare professionals must consider and follow other published lists. In our opinion, it is mandatory to do a consensus among these professionals, administration and labor union organizations in order to clarify some conflictive questions not only in healthcare settings but in investigational and academic scenarios too. These multidisciplinary groups should be involved also in teaching new and non-experienced personnel and in the knowledge reinforcement for the experienced ones.

La exposición laboral a medicamentos biopeligrosos puede causar daños a la salud en los profesionales sanitarios expuestos, por lo que deben tomarse medidas protectoras. Sin embargo, la clasificación de estos medicamentos no es la misma en todos los repertorios y listas publicados, y la terminología sigue siendo confusa: medicamentos peligrosos, medicamentos biopeligrosos o medicamentos de riesgo son términos que no definen bien el concepto que se quiere transmitir, y agrupan sustancias muy diferentes, con perfiles de riesgo también muy diferentes. En España no hay una lista oficial actualizada de medicamentos biopeligrosos, y los profesionales de la salud deben considerar y seguir otras listas publicadas. En nuestra opinión, sería necesario establecer un consenso entre profesionales, Administración y organizaciones sindicales para clarificar y definir las distintas cuestiones planteadas, no solo en el medio sanitario, sino también en otros escenarios (investigación, estructuras docentes), incluyendo la formación e información de todo el personal implicado.